Syllabus
UNIT-I
PROGRAMMING METHODOLOGY AND INTRODUCTION TO C LANGUAGE:
Steps Involved in Problem Solving – Define Algorithm, Program – Characteristics of Algorithm – Differentiate Between Program and Algorithm – Steps Involved in Algorithm Development – Differentiate Algorithm and Flowchart – Algorithms for Simple Problems – Symbols used in Flowcharts – Flowcharts for Simple Problems.Define High Level Language and Low Level Language – History of C Language – Importance of C Language – Define and Differentiate Compiler, Assembler – Structure of C Language – Programming Style of C Language – Steps Involved in Executing the C Program.
UNIT-II
UNDERSTAND CONSTANTS, VARIABLES AND DATA TYPES IN C AND UNDERSTAND OPERATORS AND EXPRESSIONS IN C:
Character Set – C Tokens – Keywords and Identifiers – Constants and Variables – Data Types and Classification – Declaration of a Variable – Assigning Values to Variables.
Define an Operator – Define an Expression – Classify Operators – List and Explain Various Arithmetic Operators with Examples – Illustrate the Concept of Relational Operators – List Logical Operators – Various Assignment Operators – Nested Assignment – Increment and Decrement Operators – Conditional Operator – List Bitwise Operators – List Various Special Operators – Arithmetic Expressions – Precedence and Associativity of Operators – Evaluation of Expressions – Various Type Conversion Techniques and Discuss Them – Reading and Writing Characters – Formatted Input and Output – Evaluate a Logical Expression.
UNIT-III
DECISION MAKING AND LOOPING STATEMENTS AND PREPROCESSOR DIRECTIVES:
Decision Making in Programming – Simple if Statement with Sample Program – Classification of Various Loop Statements – while Statement – do-while Statement – for Loop Statement – Nesting of Loops – Comparisons for Different Loop Statements – Break and Continue Statements – Infinite Loop and Steps to Avoid it – goto Statement – Need of Preprocessor Directives – Various Preprocessor Directives.
UNIT-IV
ARRAYS AND STRINGS:
Arrays – Declaration and Initialization of One-dimensional Array Accessing the Elements in the Array – Accessing Array Out of Bounds Problem – Reordering an Array in Ascending Order – Average of Elements in an Array – Largest Element in an Array – Declaration and Initialization of Two-dimensional Arrays – Sample Programs on Matrix Addition and Matrix Multiplication, Transpose – Strings – Declaration and Initialization of String Variables – Reading of Strings from Terminal – Writing Strings to Screen – String Handling Functions with Sample Programs – Arithmetic Operations on Characters.
UNIT-V
USER DEFINED FUNCTIONS:
Function – Need for User-defined Functions – Advantages of Functions – Elements of Function – Return Values and their Types – Function Call – Function Prototype – Scope, Visibility and Lifetime of Variables in Functions – Local and External Variables – Global Variable – Functions with no Arguments and no Return Values – Functions with Arguments with no Return Values – Functions with Arguments with Return Values – Functions with no Arguments with Return Values – Functions that Return Multiple Values – Recursion – Sample Programs on Recursion – Passing Arrays to Functions – Passing the Global Variables as Parameters.
UNIT-VI
STRUCTURES AND UNIONS AND FILE MANAGEMENT:
Structures and Unions: Structure – Creating a Structure – Declaring Structure Variables – Accessing the Structure Members – Array of Structures – Concept of Structure Assignment – Find Size of a Structure – Nested Structure Concept – Structure as Function Arguments and Structures as Function Values – Structures Containing Arrays, Arrays of Structures Containing Arrays – Self Referential Structures with Examples – Union and Illustrate Usage of a Union – Difference Between Structures and Union.
Files Management: File – Declare File Pointer to a File – File Opening in Various Modes – Concept of Closing of a File – Input/Output Operations on a File – Random Access to Files.
